Perforating device



Jan., m 195@ s, EGM 2,494,836

PERFORATING DEVICE Filed July 115, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 f -72 ggg mm. '65

ATTORNEY.

.. 17, 1950 s. SEGAL PERFORMING nEvcE 5 Sheets-SheetV 2 Filed July 15, 1945 ATTORNEY.

Jan. Mh w50 s. sr-:GAL 2,494,836

PERFORATING DEVCE Filed July 15, 1945 3 sheets-sheet 5 ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 17, 1950 Samuel Segal, New York, N.

Y., assigner to Wilson-.iones Co., Chicago, lll., a `corporation of Massachusetts Application July 13, 1945, Serial No. 604,906

1.6 Claims.

1 The subject matter of this invention isa perforating ldevice wherein one or more vertically 'guided punching ytools areoperated by a rotatable "shaft-driven'by a manually controlled handle. In

periorating devices of the type alluded to stand- -ards are employed to rotatably and slidablyfguide the driving shaft.

One `object `oi the invention is to `provide means `for readily `and quickly `assembling the standards to the base of the perforatingdevice. Another object is concerned with stabilizing `the base of the perforating `device inthe provisionoi a concealed reinforcing Ablock to which `the standards Aare removably connected. Another -object is to `employ a swingable receptacle for `collecting paper leavings incidental to periorating operations :and to utilize 'these leavings to cooperate with the punching tools to open the receptacle. Afurther object `is concerned with a `floating `stud Lto resist removal oi the driving shaft trom the standards. A still further object is to provide lseiyieeable :means for removably holding `the manually controlled handle depressed to `conserve space. `Another object 1has to do with a :novel paper gage bar adapted to be conveniently adjusted relative to the base of the .perforating device. .A'furtlier `object is to provide a :simplified `periorating device, :sturdy and reliable in operationand capable of lowcost of manufacture. Other important objects and functional and Atroni `the following detailed `description taken with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l `is a plan view foi .the perforating device according tozone form `of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of Fig. l.

Figf isa front 'eievational view of Fig. 2 illustrating the operating .lever held depressed.

Figffi is atransverse sectional view on rtheline ll--li of Fig. 2 `showing full lines closed position oi `the waste collecting `pivo'ued receptacle and in 'dash `lines the open relation thereof.

Fig. `5 lis -atransverse `sectional view on the line 5-1'5 oi Fig. 4.

Fig. f6 is a transverse sectional view on the :line 6 6 of Fig. l illustrating `the retaining pinin a `lowered position and. cooperating with one Voi the standards to `prevent .longitudinal displacement of tlie 'rotatable driving shaft.

ligi `is an enlarged fragmentary view oiFig/.

Fig. 8 is :a fragmentary view oi the waste` col .looting receptacle.

Fig. 9 'is a transverse `sectional `view .on the line $.49 of Fig. 8.

structural :advantages will appear he normally :shank adapted to pass `standards lbe rendered Fig. 1'0 is a sectional View `on the line li--lil of Fig. 2

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of Fig. 2 however illustrating another vforrn 4of locking means for the `slidably `guided gage bar.

Fig. `12 is-a view similar to Fig. 1, shown partly `brolren away fand illustrating `a nXed stud `carried by theosoillatablefshaft to preventor permit withzdrawal Aof the latter from the standards.

Fig. .-13 is a `fragmentary view 1oi Fig. 12, and

Figs. -14 and 15 'are transverse sectional views on `the `lines lil-I4 -and -IE-'l of Fig. 13 respectively.

The periorating device P comprises la one piece ibase yB having Athe rectilinear top wall il@ andthe depending rim embodying the curved front `wall lll the yrear wall :l2 and the side walls l3and li.

Secured to the inner surface of the vtop wall `l-ll is lthe reinforcing yplate lor block `l5 having the `interrnediate `relatively thickened portion or de- .pending boss it from which extend the iront and .rear'atten'uated webs Il 'and i8. rIhe reinforcing metal `block `l5 and webs 'all' `and le extendsacross substantially the entire length .of the base andare firmly secured `by spot welding the `webs li and t3 to wall il). Thus a sturdy and durable reiniorc'ed base is provided.

Mounted yon the top wall le `of the base area `pluralityoi vheaders or standards S each provided with upper and lower lobes I9 and@ (Figsand 4) having vertically alined bores 2l and 2i for `slidably guiding cylindrical `periorating `members `generally designated 2-3 which include `depending reduced cylindrical punching `portions M slidably guided in alined bores 25, 2t and 2l' in the lobes `2li, the top wall ill, andthe reinforcing plate or block t5.

Thestandards S -are removably clampedlon the base B by stud screws d'8 having .its threaded into the alinedopenings or `bores 39, 3l, and `32 in the stabilizing -or reinforcing block l5, the top wall lll,` and the body of the `standards respectively.

The bores 32 in the `standards are threaded and `cooperate with the threaded `Shanks of the set screws `3l) whereby the heads 33 may be `de- .sirably clamped against the reinforcing blocks l5 `for 4drawing the standards in a clamped relation against the top `of the base. By this arrangement, `assembly of the standards with the base `isconvenient .and .facilitated Should anyoi the ineiective it may be .thus quickly `removed and .a new standard substituted.

Normally the lpunching members or tools `2i; are held ,in .an elevated position, namely, with their reduced punching portions 24 as shown in Fig. 4, that is, out of the gap G by the action of the helicoidal springs 3d surrounding the reduced portions 24 of the perforating tools 23. These springs are conned within the bores 22 of the lower lobes 20 and have their terminals abutting shoulders 35 of the punching tools and the annular lips 360i the lower lobes 2U.

Merging with the upper and lower lobes I!! and 20 of a standard is the circular cutaway portion or semi-circular bore 3l which characterizes bearing means. With the standards S clamped and held on the base, bearings 3l are in alinement and rotatably and removably guide the driving shaft 38 provided with a longitudinally arranged groove 39 defining diverged upper and lower lips ll and 4l which straddle or operatively interlock with the several ribs 52 extending from the punches 23 into the groove 39. It follows that if the handle or crank I-I which is xedly fastened to the driving shaft 38 be depressed or elevated, this shaft is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise. If depressed the Lipper lip 3S of the drive shaft actuates the ribs 42 of the slidable punching tools 23, thus driving the punching portions downwardly against the resistance offered by springs 34, across gaps G and into the alined bores or openings 26 and 2l in the top wall of the base and reinforcing strengthening plate l5. By this action, sheets of paper or the like mounted on the base will be perforated or punched. Once however manual pressure is removed from the handle, the punching tools 23 which incidentally are of suitable tool steel are raised automatically due to the expansion of the springs 34. Because of such action, ribs 42 of the punching tool 23 are elevated, thus reversing rotating the grooved shaft 38 and the handle H is again restored to its normally raised position at which time the reduced portion 2d of the punching tools are clear and free of gap G, hence a stack of papers may be again mounted on the top wall or platform Il) of the base and positioned into the gaps G.

Disc portions or leavings 4A are severed from the sheets of paper on perforating the latter. These accumulate in the pan or receptacle 50 and are ejected from the bore 21 of the reinforcing or stabilizing block l5. The receptacle 5i) is swingably mounted within the rim of the base B and is rectangularly shaped and is substantially coextensive with the length of the base. Specifically it embodies the forwardly projecting spaced ears 5l each of which is provided with a struck out hollow boss or nipple 52 (Fig. 5) rotatably journaled in the bearings or openings 53 in the spaced sides I3 and lill of the rim of the base B. It follows that the nipples are rotatably retained and hence the receptacle is swingably sustained within the base, being retained in its closed position by the offset spring detents 5G struck out of the sides 55 and 53 of the receptacle frictionally but removably cooperating with the spaced sides i3 and M of the base.

As the paper leavings M accumulate in the receptacle, eventually they cooperate with the punching tools 23 to overcome the frictional resistance created by the detents or spring locks 54 against the sides i3 and l!! of the pan or base consequently causing the pan 5@ to tilt downwardly and forwardly, pivoting on the spaced trunnions or nipples 52. By such action indicator means is established that the pan should be emptied. After disposal of the leavings ill the pan is again swung upwardly or closed and such position is maintained by the frictional lock imparted by detents 54 against the sides I3 and i4 of the base.

According to the invention a gage bar 60 is utilized. This bar is slidably guided longitudinally of the base by spaced straps El and 62 spot welded to the underneath face of the top wall 5Fl of the base and/or the flange l1 of the reinforcing block l5. The gage bar includes a plurality of notches S3 severally and selectively removably interlocking with a pin 64 fastened and depending from the top Wall Ill. The gage bar Ell may be displaced transversely and longitudinally of the base B by gripping the upstanding paper stop S5. Lateral or transverse displacement is possible in that straps Si and 62 provide a loose or sloppy nt about the bar $0, thus permitting a notch 63 if interlocked with the fixed pin 6d to be removed from the latter and thereafter slidably withdrawn or retracted as desired and again interlocked with another notch 63, however the bar cannot be completely withdrawn in view of the offset or bent out lug 65 adapted to cooperate with strap El which serves also as a stop.

With the gage bar set in an adjusted and interloeked relation with the fixed pin 64, it is maintained in such relation due tc the action of the biased leaf spring LS which nas one end spot welded to strap 5l and has its other free end indented to provide an arcuate lip 55, resiliently bearing against the uninterrupted face 'l of the gage bar, thereby holding the latter in its desired interlocked position.

The driving shaft 33 while retained in a rotatable relation with the headers or standards S is normally held against lateral withdrawal therefrom. To this end it will be observed (Figs. 3 and 6) that a floating pin -or stud 'lil is slidably mounted in the bore ll in the drive shaft 38. 'This bore ll terminates in enlarged sockets 'l2 and 73. The socket l2 defines with bore 'il an annular stop shoulder l@ which serves as a seat and limits downward displacement of the enlarged dome shaped head i5 of the oating pin 7S which has its lower end i6 enlarged and ared and isremovably and completely receivable in the lower socket 'i3 but is prevented from entering bore 'il by reason of the annular shoulder 'l. Normally the flared end lli projects beyond the limits of the periphery of the drive shaft 38, thus serving as a projection disposed alongside of one -pf the standards S. Consequently the latter serves as a stop for the floating stud 'i0 thereby preventing lateral withdrawal of the drive shaft which can in fact be withdrawn from the standards if the locking and iioating stud l) has its flared end 'i6 manually moved into the socket l?. By such action the entire length of stud is confined within the limits of the drive shaft, hence the latter can be slidably withdrawn from the standards. Thereafter, if desired, punches or punching members 23 may be replaced, and the drive shaft is operatively and rotatably interlocked with the substituted punches. However upon the insertion of the drive shaft into the substituted punches, it is desirable that the floating stud l be again lifted and held confined by finger pressure to be within the limits of the drive shaft 33 until the latter passes through the last standard, that is, the standard at the right hand part of Fig. 3 in which case the float or locking pin ill drops by gravity, and its lower portion projects beyond the drive shaft as desired to co- @operate with thefstop tace `1.8 `fof the :standard 'S `at the mightshand part tof the base.

In the torni illustrated zin Fig. .fl-1, the biased deaf :spring :80 Zhas one end BI wveldedto the :re- Lduced :ledge or ilange H of .fthe `reinforcing :block :t5 `and Athas another zend `or free :terminal ,provided with an arcuate `lip @or fdetent 82 which is :adapted to removably interlock or severally snap rinto the notches i613 'of the .gage Thal' i60, thus holding the llatter in .la set 'position `against the spaced `and `iixed fmaps 162| and fZ which loosely :and .slidably :guide :the bar. `Hence ith-e :latter may 'be slidably withdrawn until fthe offset vlug :55' `ineets `strap 6l or it ,may `be conveniently set 'to interlock with 'one of Lits notches (i3 wliththe dent fend B2, there- -by lhold-ing :the gage bar 5in a Adesired set position.

ABaring shipping 'of the perforating device iP or 1during sinternals when it is not in use, and `it 4is desired `,that ti't `take as :little :space as possible, the 1handle TH may 4be iheld depressed. In this connection it will lbe observed that arm 191i of the filled handle H lcarries the xed pin 194 which soverhangsthe `inside f ace 1&2 -oi the farm and which is `adapted :to brought mnder .lobe "I'B of the ightiiandstandard when :a `thr-ust 'is imparted to arm .9.0 `in a Vdirection towards the standards. .Since springs f34 constantly "urge the punching tools in van Iupward direction, thus pausing the `driveshai't to be urged in -a counterclockwise ldirrection, the Alocking pin :BEI Vwill be `maintained 'yielding-ly under ibut "against `the adjacent fixed debe ll', fthereby preventing :further lupWar-d movement rofthe handle. @rin other Words, the handle is docked lin a 4depressed position. To uniock the handle, 'the .flatter is grasped yand bodily iurged aoutwardly, thus bodily but slightly slidab'ly :displacing rdrive sha-tt .3B `toithe right, hence With- Vdrawing .the 4iiiied locking pin '.91 :from the :adjacent standard, and the ,handle lis automatically unlocked, there `being ample clearance between the `floating andislidable `pin tu and Ethis standard to permit such slight 'sliding 'action of the `drive shaft :3:8 to allow :the insertion `of the .looking `pin '91 eunder the :adjacent :lobe 119 or permit ,removal therefrom.

To @prevent :marring fof a supporting surf-ace or the base, `the `latter includes corner lugs :93 yto l Vwhich rubber ffeet 94' zare appropriately attached.

In the `:form according to Figs. 12-15, `stud :or lpin `isl'iflxedin thebore H communicating with groove 3B and its terminal T96 projects beyond `shaft 3B 'to cooperate with itransverse tace 18 :of the right `hand standard to prevent Withdrawal `of the :shaft which however may Ibe `Withdrawn therefrom when terminal 96 is lined up With-land drawn through rgap 91 'which Vcornn'nmicates with bearing :3.1 and is coextensive with the AWidth of Vthe standard. this rarrangement shaft 538 when desired may be removed 'from lor linterlocked with the punching tools `'slidably :guided 'by the standards. lnother aspects, the embodin'ient of `Figs. lla-.15de along the .rlines of 'the form according to ig. l.

Various changes may be made in details :of construction 'and arrangement of `parts vWithout departing `from the spirit -of the invention or .sacrificing *any `of the advantages thereof inherent ltherein.

I :Claim:

1l. =In a .pertorating device, .an elongated and hollow 'base comprising a `depending rim having 'spaced sides, reinforcing means disposed Within said irim and `exitenl'ing substantially coex'tensive liv-ith the 'length of fsa'id base, between said slides `and comprising 1spaced attenuated Webs and 3iniside Lo'f vsaid base,

f termediately `'disposed termediately disposed boss means integral with and between said Webs, fa :standard on the out- -tastening `means extending 'through said ,boss means for 'removably fclamping said *standard to said base, punching `means s'lida'bly guided by said standard, shaftt means for ldrivingfsaid 'punching means, and `a `handle for actuating shaft means.

2. In a zperforating device, an -elongated `and hollow base comprising `a 'depending :rim having .spaced sides, la rentorcing block `disposed 'Within `said rim .and extending :substantially coextensive with the length of said base, between said sides `and comprising spaced attenuated Webs and .in-

boss means 'integral with :and between :said webs, means securing said block to said base, a standard on the outside of fsaid base, fastening means extending through said boss means for removably clamping 'said 'stand- :ard Ito said base, punching `means uslidably guided by said standard, .shaft means for driving `said punching means, and ra handle for actuating said shaft means.

3. 'In `a periorating device, an `elongated :and hollow ibase comprising `a depending rim haring :spaced sides and spaced front and rear walls, reinforcing means secured to said base within `said #rim and extending s bstantially :coextensve Wih the length of said base between salid sides and comprising spaced attenuated Webs and 'internrediately disposed boss means integral with `and between said Webs :and interposed .between said AWalls, astandard on lthe .outsideiof said base, fastening means extending through said boss means for removably clamping said standard to Asaid ibase., punching means slidably `guided by said standard, shaft means for driving :said punching means, `and a handle .for actuating fsaid shaft means.

4. In -a perorating device, an elongated and hollow base comprising a `depending `rim 'having spaced sides, `an elongated block "for reinforcing said base substantially -coeXtensive with the distance between said sides and disposed Within said means for securing said block to fsalid bese, .a standard on theoutside of said base, fastening means partly Within said rim and extending through said reinforcing means for removably clamping said standard to said base, `punching means slidably guided by said standard, shaft `mea-ns for `driving vsaid 'punching means, anda handle for actuating said shaftmeans.

5. In a perforating device, an elongated and hollow lhase `corriprising a `depending rim h'avng `spaced sides, `reinforcing means disposed within said rim and extending substantially fcoextensive with the length of said base between said sides and comprising spaced attenuated vvebs and intermediately disposed boss lmeans integral with and between said Webs, a plurality of standards `on the outside of said base, fastening means extending :through said 'boss `means for removably `(Stamping 'said standards to said base, `punching `means s'lidably guided by `said standards, `sha't `means `for Idriv-irlg said `punching means, fand a handle for actuating said shaft means.

E6. In a perlorating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wall including :an `opening and including fa rim having spaced sides, standard `mounted on `said Wall, punching kmeans 'slidably guided by said standardgsaid base and standard de'iining va gap for removably receiving said material, `a shaft rotatably `guided by said standard for driving said punchingmeans across said gap :and into fsa-id opening to .per-

.forate said material, a receptacle interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings, and means swingably connecting said receptacle to said base, said sides and receptacle having means frictionally and removably engaging for holding said receptacle closed under said punching means.

7. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wall including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced sides, a standard mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said stand-- ard, said base and standard defining a gap for receiving said material, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings, means swingably connecting said receptacle to said sides, and detent means for frictionally locking said receptacle to said sides.

8. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wall including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced sides, a standard mounted on said wall, punching `means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard dening a gap for receiving said material, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings, means swingably connecting said receptacle to said sides, and detent means for frictionally locking said receptacle to said Sides, said punch means and leavings cooperating when said receptacle is filled up with said leavings to overcome the frictional resistance imparted by said detent means against said sides for automatically swinging said receptacle downwardly and away from said punching means to open said receptacle.

9. In a perforating device for punching sheet material and form punch leavings, a base having a top wall including an opening and including a depending rim embodying spaced sides, a reinforcing blocl; within said rim and having a boss including a bore in registration with said opening, lmeans securing said block to said base, a standard mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard dening a gap for receiving said material, ya shaft rotatably guided by said standard for removably driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening and bore to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means and normally closed against said block for collecting said leavings, means swingably connecting said receptacle to said sides to permit tilting of said receptacle towards and away from said block, and locking means to prevent opening of said receptacle.

10. In a perforating device, a base, a standard mounted on said base and having a bearing and a gap in communication with said bearing, punching means slidably guided by said standard, shaft means slidably and rotatably guided by said bearing for actuating said punching means, said shaft means having a bore, and a pin at least in part within said bore and said shaft means and normally out of alinement with said gap and cooperating with said standard to prevent withdrawal of said shaft means therefrom, said terminal upon rotation of said shaft means adapted to be alined with said gap and completely drawn therethrough to permit the removal of said shaft means from said standard.

ll. In a perforating device, a base, a standard mounted on said base and having a bearing, punching means slidably guided by said standard, shaft means slidably and rotatably guided by said bearing for actuating said punching means, said shaft means having a bore and upper and lower sockets dening :with the wall of said bore upper and lower shoulders, and a pin having an intermediate portion slidably guided by said bore and having a terminal normally pro- Jecting beyond said shaft means to cooperate with said standard to prevent withdrawal of said shaft means therefrom, said pin having an enlarged portion adapted to be seated on said upper shoulder to limit the projection of said terminal beyond said shaft means, said terminal having an enlarged portion cooperating with said lower shoulder to limit the insertion of said terminal into said shaft means at which time said pin is completely within said shaft means.

l2. In a perforating device, a base, a standard mounted on said base and having a bearing and including a lobe, punching means slidably guided by said standard and at least in'part by said lobe, shait means slidably and rotatably guided by said bearing for reciprocating said punching mally holding the latter and said arm elevated, and a projection extending from said arm and adapted to be removably positioned under said lobe to hold said arm depressed.

13. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, `a base having a top wall including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced sides having spaced bearings, a standard mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard deiining a gap for receiving said material, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings and having ears including nipples rotatably sustained by said bearings for swingably displacing said receptacle relative to said base, and spring detent means projecting from said receptacle for frictionally and removably engaging at least one of said sides, said punch means and leavings cooperating when said receptacle is filled up with said leavings to overcome the frictional resistance imparted by said detent means'for automatically swinging said receptacle downwardly and away from said punching means to open said receptacle.

14. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wall including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced and vertically disposed sides having bearings, a standard mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard defining a gap for receiving said material, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings and having spaced ears at one end of said receptacle and embodying nipples rotatably sustained by said bearings for pivotally displacing said receptacle relative to said base, and spring detent means struck out of said receptacle frictionally and disengageably cooperating with at least one of said sides, said punch means and leavings cooperating when said receptacle is lled up with said leavings to overcome the frictional resistance imparted by said detent means for automatically swinging said receptacle downwardly and away from said pun-ching means to open said receptacle.

15. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wal1 including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced sides having spaced bearings, a Ystandard mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard defining a gap for receiving said material, reinforcing means adjacent said top wall and within said rim and substantially coextensive with the length of said base between said sides, means securing said reinforcing means to said Wall, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and intosaid opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting punch leavings and having projecting means, means rotatably sustaining said projecting means to said bearing means, and spring detent means projecting from and integral with said receptacle and cooperating with `at least one of said sides for frictionally and disengageably holding said receptacle closed adjacent said reinforcing means, said punch means and leavings cooperating when said receptacle is filled up with said leavings to overcome the frictional resistance imparted by said detent means against said sides for automatically swinging said receptacle downwardly and away from said punching means to open said receptacle.

16. In a perforating device for punching sheet material, a base having a top wall including an opening and having a depending rim embodying spaced sides having spaced bearings, a standard 10 mounted on said wall, punching means slidably guided by said standard, said base and standard deiining a gap for receiving said reinforcing means adjacent said wall and within said rim and comprising spaced webs yand boss means, said webs and boss means being substantially coextensive with the length ci said base between said sides, means securing said reinforcing means to said top wall, a shaft rotatably guided by said standard for driving said punching means across said gap and into said opening to perforate said material, a receptacle within said rim and interposed between said sides and underneath said punching means for collecting said punch leavings and having spaced ears having nipples rotatably disposed in said bearings for swingably sustaining said receptacle relative to said base, and spring detent means struck out of said receptacle and cooperating with said sides for frictionally and disengageably holding said receptacle closed adjacent to said reinforcing means. said punch means and leavings cooperating when said receptacle is filled up with said leanings to overcome the frictional resistance imparted by said detent means against said sides for automatically swinging said receptacle downwardly and away from said punching means to open said receptacle.

SAMUEL SEGAL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the iile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,152,886 Dom Sept. 7, 1915 1,692,764 Salt Nov. 20, 1928 2,149,268 Brennan `Mar. 7, 1939 2,244,660 Carpenter June 10, 1941 2,368,790 Unger Feb. 6, 1945 2,415,539 Segal Feb. 11, 1947 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 5,345 Great Britain Sept. 8, 1910 340,174 Great Britain Dec. 24, 1930 485,458 Great Britain May 16, 1938 576,508 France Aug.. 22, 1924 

